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Hamster polyomavirus (HaPyV), also known as Mesocricetus auratus polyomavirus 1, belongs to the Polyomaviridae family. It is a small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that primarily infects Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). First identified in 1967, HaPyV is known for its oncogenic potential, particularly in causing epitheliomas in laboratory hamsters. As with other polyomaviruses, the structural integrity…

Hamster polyomavirus (HaPyV), also known as Mesocricetus auratus polyomavirus 1, belongs to the Polyomaviridae family. It is a small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that primarily infects Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). First identified in 1967, HaPyV is known for its oncogenic potential, particularly in causing epitheliomas in laboratory hamsters. As with other polyomaviruses, the structural integrity…

Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor critical in regulating immune responses, inflammation, and cell survival. The p65 subunit, also known as NFKB3, plays a pivotal role in the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. Its activation involves translocation to the nucleus, where it modulates the expression of target genes involved in immunity, inflammation, and cellular…

Introduction to Prostacyclin (PGI2) Prostacyclin (PGI2) is a lipid-derived molecule belonging to the prostaglandin family, with critical roles in vascular biology and hemostasis. It acts as a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation, contributing to the regulation of cardiovascular health and inflammatory responses. PGI2 is synthesized by endothelial cells through the arachidonic acid pathway,…